Letter from Josiah Johnston to George Sibley, January 10, 1830

Transcript of Letter from Josiah Johnston to George Sibley, January 10, 1830. Johnston discusses how Andrew Jackson has changed the government, and if he will run for office again

Letter from Josiah Johnston to George Sibley, March 13, 1828

Transcript of Letter from Josiah Johnston to brother-in-law, George Sibley, March 13, 1828. Johnston discusses agreement by government to accept land owned by GCS to pay for debt acquired from purchase of Fort Osage trade goods

Letter from Josiah Johnston to George Sibley, December 1828

Letter from Josiah Johnston to brother-in-law, George Sibley, December 1828. Johnston discusses the election of Andrew Jackson as President and what it means for the country; also his thoughts on their nephew John Sibley

Representing Homeless ness in America: Portrayls of Homelessness in Popular Culture and the Stories Homeless People Tell About Themselves

Portrayals of American homelessness and its causes issue from different parts of society,from popular culture in the form of films and newspaper articles to the views of homeless individuals themselves. While the former media reach broad audiences and may influence cultural conceptions of homelessness, the latter are rarely broadcast so widely. Unlike the‘external’ representations of homelessness created for entertainment and the dissemination ofinformation, ‘internal’ depictions of indigency from those experiencing it are complex,idiosyncratic stories about individual cases of homelessness. These different kinds of portrayals are created for decidedly different purposes, yet it is an assumption of this paper that each type of depiction has an influence on the broader cultural conception of homelessness in the U.S.A. Thus each will be examined for the way homelessness is presented, rather than the reason it is presented. The stories of the indigent are arguably the most important source of information for understanding the current nature of homelessness in America, yet the general public is often most-informed on the ‘social problem’ of homelessness through the aforementioned media. Howdo these two types of stories about homelessness differ, and to what effect? It is the aim of this study to investigate and compare some of the different kinds of stories told about homelessness in America

CENP-V is required for centromere organization, chromosome alignment and cytokinesis

The mechanism of mitotic chromosome condensation is poorly understood, but even less is known about the mechanism of formation of the primary constriction, or centromere. A proteomic analysis of mitotic chromosome scaffolds led to the identification of CENP-V, a novel kinetochore protein related to a bacterial enzyme that detoxifies formaldehyde, a by-product of histone demethylation in eukaryotic cells. Overexpression of CENP-V leads to hypercondensation of pericentromeric heterochromatin, a phenotype that is abolished by mutations in the putative catalytic site. CENP-V depletion in HeLa cells leads to abnormal expansion of the primary constriction of mitotic chromosomes, mislocalization and destabilization of the chromosomal passenger complex (CPC) and alterations in the distribution of H3K9me3 in interphase nucleoplasm. CENP-V-depleted cells suffer defects in chromosome alignment in metaphase, lagging chromosomes in anaphase, failure of cytokinesis and rapid cell death. CENP-V provides a novel link between centromeric chromatin, the primary constriction and the CPC

Wndchrm – an open source utility for biological image analysis

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Biological imaging is an emerging field, covering a wide range of applications in biological and clinical research. However, while machinery for automated experimenting and data acquisition has been developing rapidly in the past years, automated image analysis often introduces a bottleneck in high content screening.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p><it>Wndchrm </it>is an open source utility for biological image analysis. The software works by first extracting image content descriptors from the raw image, image transforms, and compound image transforms. Then, the most informative features are selected, and the feature vector of each image is used for classification and similarity measurement.</p> <p>Results</p> <p><it>Wndchrm </it>has been tested using several publicly available biological datasets, and provided results which are favorably comparable to the performance of task-specific algorithms developed for these datasets. The simple user interface allows researchers who are not knowledgeable in computer vision methods and have no background in computer programming to apply image analysis to their data.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>We suggest that <it>wndchrm </it>can be effectively used for a wide range of biological image analysis tasks. Using <it>wndchrm </it>can allow scientists to perform automated biological image analysis while avoiding the costly challenge of implementing computer vision and pattern recognition algorithms.</p

Quantitative Image Analysis Reveals Distinct Structural Transitions during Aging in Caenorhabditis elegans Tissues

Aging is associated with functional and structural declines in many body systems, even in the absence of underlying disease. In particular, skeletal muscles experience severe declines during aging, a phenomenon termed sarcopenia. Despite the high incidence and severity of sarcopenia, little is known about contributing factors and development. Many studies focus on functional aspects of aging-related tissue decline, while structural details remain understudied. Traditional approaches for quantifying structural changes have assessed individual markers at discrete intervals. Such approaches are inadequate for the complex changes associated with aging. An alternative is to consider changes in overall morphology rather than in specific markers. We have used this approach to quantitatively track tissue architecture during adulthood and aging in the C. elegans pharynx, the neuromuscular feeding organ. Using pattern recognition to analyze aged-grouped pharynx images, we identified discrete step-wise transitions between distinct morphologies. The morphology state transitions were maintained in mutants with pharynx neurotransmission defects, although the pace of the transitions was altered. Longitudinal measurements of pharynx function identified a predictive relationship between mid-life pharynx morphology and function at later ages. These studies demonstrate for the first time that adult tissues undergo distinct structural transitions reflecting postdevelopmental events. The processes that underlie these architectural changes may contribute to increased disease risk during aging, and may be targets for factors that alter the aging rate. This work further demonstrates that pattern analysis of an image series offers a novel and generally accessible approach for quantifying morphological changes and identifying structural biomarkers